Recent exam: 05/2025
The diagram below illustrates the process of producing drinking water using a solar-powered water pump and water filter.
Provide an overview of the information by identifying and describing the key details, and include comparisons where appropriate.
Your report should comprise a minimum of 150 words.
Sample Answer
The provided diagram meticulously illustrates the sequential process by which drinking water is produced through a solar-powered pumping and filtration system.
Overall, the entire system is self-sufficient, relying exclusively on renewable solar energy, and can be broadly divided into three principal stages: the generation of electricity from sunlight, the subsequent extraction and storage of water, and ultimately, the purification of the water to render it potable.
The process commences with the solar panel, which is responsible for capturing sunlight. This captured solar energy is then transformed into electrical power via a converter. Subsequently, the generated electricity is channelled to activate a pump.
Following the activation of the pump, water is drawn from an underground well. This extracted water is then conveyed through a pipeline and deposited into a water tank, which is strategically positioned on a raised wooden platform.
In the penultimate stage, as the water exits the storage tank, it proceeds into a dedicated filtration unit where impurities are effectively removed. Finally, the now-purified water is dispensed through a tap, ready to be collected in a movable container situated beneath, facilitating its immediate use or subsequent distribution.
Highlight Vocabulary
- Meticulously (adv.)
- Meaning: In a way that shows great attention to detail; very carefully and precisely.
- Sequential (adj.)
- Meaning: Following a logical order or sequence; in a series.
- Self-sufficient (adj.)
- Meaning: Able to provide for oneself without help from others; independent.
- Relying exclusively on (phrase)
- Meaning: Depending solely or only on something.
- Potable (adj.)
- Meaning: (Of water) safe to drink; drinkable.
- Commence (v.)
- Meaning: To begin or start.
- Transform (v.)
- Meaning: To change completely in appearance or character, usually for the better.
- Channel (v.)
- Meaning: To direct something into a particular channel or direction.
- Activate (v.)
- Meaning: To make something start working or operating.
- Convey (v.)
- Meaning: To transport or carry (usually to a place).
- Deposit (v.)
- Meaning: To put or set down (something or someone) in a specific place.
- Strategically positioned (phrase)
- Meaning: Placed or arranged in a way that is most effective or advantageous.
- Penultimate (adj.)
- Meaning: Second to last in a series or sequence.
- Dedicated (adj.)
- Meaning: Designed or used for one particular purpose.
- Impurities (n.)
- Meaning: Substances that are present in a pure substance that are not pure themselves.
